This is a log of measurements along a well bore (a well-log). The acronym
PO3D can be found in any (ASCII) log files provided by the logging company. The abreviatin stands for
'Partial porosity from MRIL (single element)'. This log is often used in the industry. This log displays readings of the contribution of porosity from a given "bin" (with certain characteristics) to the total porosity; e.g., in nuclear magnetic resonance data processing, the "bins" typically correspond to different pore size ranges. At a more general level these values are measures of the apparent porosity. Better said, the initial estimate of porosity, normally from logs, not corrected for the (often large) effects of clays, gas, etc. Such estimates should only be used for qualitative interpretation of clean, gas-free intervals.
So basically this is a measure of the pore volume per unit gross volume. Porosity is determined from measurements on cores or interpreted from logs. At a higher level, this can be seen as a measure of the volume fraction. In other words, the ratio of the volumes occupied by two components, or by one component to the total volume of the system.
Data for this log is produced by a tool that uses a nmr logging technique and can be used to investigate the porosity of the formation. Similar logs are listed below: